М.: Наука — Главная редакция восточной литературы, 1965. — 203 с. — (Языки народов Азии и Африки). Под названием «дардские языки» в литературе принято объединять большую группу языков арийской (т. е. индоиранской) языковой семьи, на которых говорит население северо-восточной горной области Афганистана — Нуристан, северной части Пакистана и крайних северо-западных рай онов...
Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln im Fach Linguistik. — 2023. — 666 S. The subject of this book is the Katë language (Glottocode: kati1270; ISO 639-3: bsh & xvi), a Nuristani (Indo-Iranian) language spoken in the Hindu Kush mountains of eastern Afghanistan and in some enclaves across the border in...
М.: Индрик, 1999. — 143 с. Настоящая книга — очередной том многотомного энциклопедического издания «Языки мира» (серия «Языки Евразии»), подготавливаемого в Институте языкознания РАН. В данном томе описаны языки дардской и нуристанской групп, входящих в арийскую «ветвь» большой индоевропейской семьи. Языки обеих групп распространены в малодоступных горных районах Афганистана,...
Stockholm University, 2019. — 81 p. The Hindu Kush region stretches from Afghanistan over Pakistan to North India and is home to what is commonly known as the Dardic languages. The Dardic langagues are a group of Indo-Aryan languages that have in isolation and under contact developed or retained features that can not be found in Indo-Aryan languages outside the region. In the...
Stockholm University, 2023. — 65 p. This thesis presents a study of the phonological and morphosyntactic characteristics of Kalkoti, an understudied Indo-Aryan language of northern Pakistan. Kalkoti belongs to the Shina group of Indo-Aryan languages, but shows heavy influence from the Kohistani language Gawri, including the development of a complex tone system. The data used...
University of North Dakota, 2014. — 235 p. This thesis describes and analyzes four markers of Indus Kohistani, a language spoken in Northern Pakistan that has received little attention so far. The markers discussed are lee, a "hearsay" evidential that does however not mark every reported speech, karee, a grammaticalized quotative and complementizer that is also found in purpose...
Stockholm University, 2020. — 38 p. This study is exploring the possibilities of automatic morphological analysis of L-verbs in the Palula language by the help from Finite-state technology and two-level morphology along with supervised machine learning. The type of machine learning used are neural Sequence to Sequence models. A morphological transducer is made with the Helsinki...
Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, v. 13, pp. 225-238 (1945) A debatable but still interesting considerations about the reflexes pf PIE *k', *g' in Dardic and Nuristani, and about possible links between ancient India and Kuban.
Skrifter utgitt av det norske videnskaps akademi i Oslo, II, hist.-fil. klasse, 1950, no.1. Short grammar and a vocabulary of a Dardic language Gawar-Bati.
اسلام آباد، فورم فار لینگویج انیشٹیوز، 2016. — ١٧٨ ص. — 978-969-9437-16-8 Ushoji-Urdu Wordlist, compiled and published by Forum for Language Initiatives.
اسلام آباد، فورم فار لینگویج انیشٹیوز، 2016. — ١٦١ ص. — ISBN 978-969-9437-17-5 Dameli-Urdu Wordlist, compiled and published by Forum for Language Initiatives.
اسلام آباد، فورم فار لینگویج انیشٹیوز، 2016. — ٦٤ ص. — ISBN 978-969-9437-13-7 Gawar-bati ABC book, compiled and published by Forum for Language Initiatives.
اسلام آباد، فورم فار لینگویج انیشٹیوز، 2016. — ١٦٤ ص. — ISBN 978-969-9437-18-2 Gawar-bati-Urdu Wordlist, compiled and published by Forum for Language Initiatives.
London: 1924. — 285 p. In the following pages an attempt has been made to give a connected account of one of the most fascinating of languages. The Shina (Sinā́) country, though of considerable political importance, is not much visited by Europeans Every summer a few go for a holiday into the lovely Gŭrēs valley, but not many venture further. There is an agency m Gĭlgĭt,...
Whitehead, Benedicte Nielsen (ed.) The sound of Indo-european: phonetics, phonemics and morphophonemics. — Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum, 2012. — p. 145-167. Nuristani languages differ significantly from Indo-Iranian languages in the outcomes of the RUKl-rule. While PIE *rs and *ls merge into Nur. ʂ, in other RUKI-contexts several Nuristani etyma show either a dental affricate...
Whitehead, Benedicte Nielsen (ed.) The sound of Indo-european: phonetics, phonemics and morphophonemics. — Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum, 2012. — p. 40-66. The purpose of the present study is to summarize our knowledge about both the external and the internal classification of the Nuristani (or Kafiri) languages of Eastern Afghanistan. Our discussion will concentrate partly on...
Статья. — Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap. — 1949. — №15. — С. 187-334. Статья выдающегося норвежского ираниста Георга Моргенстьерне (1892-1978) содержит грамматический очерк языка прасун - самого своеобразного из нуристанских языков (англ. Prasun, дари-перс. pārūní, самоназвание wasī-veri).
Article. — Norwegian Digital Library . — p. 72 The personal notes of Professor Georg Morgenstierne on the names of the various Nuristani/Kafirstani Gods compiled from different sources. Date of the notes is unknown.
Article. — Skrifter utgitt av Det Norske videnskaps-akademi i Oslo. — 1940. — Volume 5. — p. 1-53. The short grammar of the the Phaluṛa, a Dardic language spoken in Chitral.
Article . — Journal of the American Oriental Society. — 1973. — Volume 93. — p. 297 to 305. Recent articles by Voegelin and Voegelin (1965) and Kachru (1969) presented erroneous listings of the so-called "Dardic" languages. These listings were based on Grierson's now outdated classification, and they did not reflect the clear division between the Nūristānī (Kāfir) languages,...
Article. — Acta Orientalia. — 1951. — Volume 21. — p. 161 to 189 The mythology of the Kati (Nuristani/Kafiristani) settlers in Bimboret Chitral before the religion of the Katis became extinct: Audio File 1 Motive: Kati the singing priest (deblole) Kareik sings a hymn. He was an important language informant for the eastern cathedic dialect of the Nuristani languages. This hymn...
Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft: Heft 40, pp. 155–185 München: R. Kitzinger. — 1981 “Kohistyō̃ (phonemically, /kohis'tyõ:/), is a dialect of the Dardic language family, spoken in the Kohistan region of the Indus River basin in an area stretching from the left bank valley of Pālas northward to that of Jalkoṭ. It appears quite closely related to Shina; and indeed, the...
Dissertation. — The University of Chicago, 2014. — 435 p. Pashai is one of the cluster of languages called ‘Dardic’ in the Indo-Aryan family of Indo-Iranian languages. Pashai speakers are considered to be speakers of the westernmost Indo-Aryan language, and to be descended from the earliest waves of Indo-Aryans who settled in the Kabul River basin in northeastern Afghanistan....
Islamabad: Forum for Language Initiatives, 2011. — xlii + 190 p. — ISBN 978-969-9437-07-6. Maps Foreword Introduction to the volume Acknowledgements A brief introduction to Palula The general setting The linguistic setting Previous and current research Linguistic features The sound system Parts of speech and subclasses Word order Complex constructions Palula as a written...
Москва: Восточная литература, 2005. — 247 c. Монография представляет собой сравнительно-историческое исследование одной из групп языков арийской (индоиранской) ветви индоевропейской семьи. Цель работы состояла в определении генетической принадлежности дардских языков. Результаты исследования заставили автора во многом пересмотреть взгляды предшественников и предложить новую...
A thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota. — University of Minnesota, 1986. — 131 P. Note on orthography abbreviations the nuristani languages the Terms ‘Nuristani’ and ‘Kafiri’ Previous Studies on the Nuristani Languages The Languages of Nuristan Phonology phonological Inventory Phonological Description of Phonemes Commentrary on...
Department of Linguistics. Independent Project for the Degree of Master (1 year) 15 ECTS. — Stockholm University, 2020. — 50 p. This study presents selected features in the phonology and grammar of Sauji, an Indo-Aryan language spoken in a village in the Kunar province in north-eastern Afghanistan. Sauji belongs to a cluster of (western) Shina languages - a subgroup of the...
Central Institute of Indian Languages, 2012. — 173 p. The Shina language belongs to the Dardic branch of the Indo-Aryan family of languages. The present work attempts to describe the grammar of Shina as spoken in and around Dras in the Kargil district of Jammu & Kashmir state. It also attempts to propose a modified Urdu script for writing down the language.
Doctoral Thesis in Linguistics at Stockholm University, Sweden 2013 ― Stockholm, 2013. ― xiii + 217 pp.
This dissertation aims to provide a grammatical description of Dameli (ISO-639-3: dml), an Indo-Aryan language spoken by approximately 5 000 people in the Domel Valley in Chitral in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province in the North-West of Pakistan. Dameli is a left-branching SOV...
Berlin: Language Science Press, 2016. ― xxiii, 463 p. — (Studies in Diversity Linguistics 8). — ISBN: 978-3-946234-31-9. This grammar provides a grammatical description of Palula, an IndoAryan language of the Shina group. The language is spoken by about 10,000 people in the Chitral district in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. This is the first extensive description of...
Dallas: SIL International, 2005. — 22 p.
This paper presents some preliminary notes on the previously undescribed Indo-Aryan language of Kundal Shahi, a village in Pakistani-administered Kashmir. We present data from which it appears that the Kundal Shahi language must have descended from an archaic form of Shina, while showing more recent influences from Kashmiri and Hindko in...
Arlington: The University of Texas, 2001. — XII, 135 p.
The people who speak Torwali live in the foothills of the Himalayas in Northern Pakistan. Their language belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and can be categorized as a strong head-final language. It has a split-ergative system with ergative case markers used in the future tense and perfective aspect. Grammatical...
Islamabad: Quaid-i-Azam University, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, 2002. — 22 p. Kalam and Dir Kohistani (also called Gawri ) is one of about two dozen languages that are spoken in the mountain areas of northern Pakistan. The name Kohistan in Urdu and Persian means "land of mountains", and Kohistani, when used as the name of a language, can be translated as "mountain...
М.: Наука, Главная редакция восточной литературы, 1965. — 203 с. — (Языки народов Азии и Африки). Предлагаемая читателю работа Д. И. Эдельман «Дардские языки» входит в серию очерков по языкам народов Азии и Африки, публикуемую Институтом народов Азии Академии наук СССР. Отдельные очерки посвящены характеристике языковых групп, как, например: «Языки Индии, Пакистана, Цейлона и...
Islamabad: Quaid-i-Azam University, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, 1997. — 147 p.
The aim of this work is to present a sketch of the sound system and tonal system of Kalam Kohistani, as well as to make text and wordlist data for this language available to other researchers. Kalam Kohistani, or Kalami for short, is one of many languages spoken in the mountain areas of...
М.: Наука. Главная редакция восточной литературы, 1980. — 296 с. Грамматика и тексты на одном из нуристанских языков в восточном Афганистане. Книга продолжает серию "Языки восточного Гиндукуша". Понятнейшее грамматическое описание, составленное одним из лучших петербургских востоковедов и полиглотов с интереснейшими текстами. Единственное русскоязычное описание языка,...
[Trends in Linguistics. Documentation 21-1] Mouton de Gruyter, 2005. — 498 p.
Volume 1 of A Grammar and Dictionary of Indus Kohistani contains around 8.000 lemmata, many of which are supplemented with parallels from adjacent dialects, from other Dardic, from Nuristani, Indo-Aryan, Iranian, Dravidian and Munda languages, and from Burushaski. The lemmata have been, wherever...
National Institute of Pakistan Studies; Summer Institute of Linguistics; vol. 4 — 1999. — 128 p. ISBN: 969-8023-06-2 The people who speak the Shina language reside in the mountain regions of the northern part of Pakistan. The Himalayan, Karakorum, and Hindu Kush mountain ranges all converge there, making it an extremely rugged and visually spectacular area. With mountains on...
In Collaboration with Mohammad Manzar Zarin. — Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2008. — 264 p. — (Beiträge zur Kenntnis südasiatischer Sprachen und Literaturen 17). The Shina language is a Dardic speech spoken in the mountainousregions of the upper Indus River and its tributaries in Pakistan and India, an area which extends more than eight hundred kilometers from east to west...
Stockholm University, 2008. — 393 p.
This dissertation is intended to provide a grammatical description of the Indo-Aryan language Palula, spoken by approximately 10,000 people in Chitral District in Pakistan’s North-West Frontier Province. No study with the scope and detail of the current work has been presented in the past for this little-known language, and it is one of only...
Harrassowitz Verlag, 1998. — 599 S. — (Neuindische Studien 14). A phonology, morphology, syntax, texts and glossary of a Nuristani tongue, spoken in the mountains of eastern Hindukush (Eastern Afghanistan), Waigal valley, named Waigali/Kalasha-ala as it's used in the village of Nisheygram. Based on the materials collected by Dr.Prof. Georg Buddruss in 1969.
Islamabad: Quaid-i-Azam University, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, 2004. — 257 p. — ISBN 969-8023-15-1. First published 1992, reprinted 2004. Introduction to the languages of Chitral. Khowar. Yidgha. Phalura. Kalasha. Dameli. Eastern Kativiri and Kamviri / Shekhani. Gawar-bati. Appendix A Methodologies. Appendix B Chitral word lists. Appendix C Texts. Appendix D Chitral...
National Institute of Pakistani Studies, 1992. — 263 p.
Northern Pakistan is a land of geographic and ethnic diversity, one of the most multilingual places on the face of the earth. Spectacular mountain ranges and mighty rivers segment the area, providing natural barriers which often serve as isoglosses separating linguistic varieties. Centuries of people movements across this...
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