Mares E. Logic and Information

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2024. — 82 p.This Element looks at two projects that relate logic and information: the project of using logic to integrate, manipulate and interpret information and the proect of using the notion of information to provide interpretations of logical systems. The Element defines 'information' in a manner that includes misinformation and disinformation and uses this general concept of information to provide an interpretation of various paraconsistent and relevant logics. It also integrates these logics into contemporary theories of informational updating, probability theory and (rather informally) some ideas from the theory of the complexity of proofs. The Element assumes some prior knowledge of modal logic and its possible world semantics, but all the other necessary background is provided.Logic and Information
Speed Limits and Firefighters
What Is Information? Preliminaries
Information Conditions versus Truth Conditions
Information States
Plan of the Element
What Is Information?
Introduction
Floridi’s Concept of Information
Information and Data
Information and Meaning
Is Information Always Propositional?
Information and Truth
So, What Is Information?
Dretske’s Theory of Information
Classical Logic and Its Informational Discontents
Introduction
Classical Logic
Possible Worlds
Closed Set Semantics
Partiality and Information
Situations
Four-Valued Semantics
Incompatibility
Issues Concerning Disjunction
Implication
Universal and Local Logics
Ternary Relation Semantics
Defeasibility and Implication
Formal Semantics for Relevant Logic
Formalising Channel Theory
The Logic
Information, Identity, and Logical Truths
Introduction
Frege’s Puzzle
Content Again
Extracting Logical Truths
Upstream and Downstream
Updating Information
Introduction
Dynamic Logic
Public Announcement Logic
Non-Defeasible Updating
Information, Hard and Soft
Negative Information
Information and Probability
Introduction
Probability Functions
What CBH Is Meant to Measure
Which Interpretation of Probability?
Probability as a Guide to Information?
In Lieu of a Conclusion
Bibliography
Dedication