Teodorsson Sven-Tage. The Phonemic System of the Attic Dialect, 400-340 BC

Institute of Classical Studies of the University of Goteborg, 1974. — 324 p.Attic and Ionic share a vowel shift not present in any other East or West Greek dialects. They both raised Proto-Greek long /aː/ to [ɛː]. Later on, Attic lowered [ɛː] found immediately after /e i r/ back to [aː], differentiating itself from Ionic. All other East and West Greek dialects retain original /aː/. Attic is the standard dialect taught in modern introductory courses in Ancient Greek, and the one that has the most literature written in it. It was spoken in Athens and Attica, the surrounding region. Old Attic, which was used by the historian Thucydides and the tragedians, replaced the native Attic /tt rr/ with the /ss rs/ of other dialects. Later writers, such as Plato, use the native Attic forms. Attic Greek had about 15 consonant phonemes: nine stop consonants, two fricatives, and four or six sonorants.